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Screen Printing
Water Based Ink vs Plastisol Ink
Water-Based Inks
How They Work: Water-based is a mixture of water with dye or pigment. The water acts as the main solvent to keep the pigment or dye in liquid form but sometimes co-solvents are used as well. The purpose of the co-solvents ranges, but they are most commonly used to decrease the time and heat necessary for curing. For the print to be cured, the water has to have completely evaporated. The ink sinks into the fibers of shirt, becoming part of the fabric.
Advantages of Water-Based Inks
- Better for the environment
- Softer hand (ie print is thinner)
- More breathable
- Inks becomes part of the shirt instead of sitting on top
- Good for creating a “vintage” look
Disadvantages of Water-Based Inks
- Influenced by the color of the shirt, making prints on dark garments problematic
- More expensive
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Plastisol Inks
How It Works: Plastisol is the standard, economical ink to use for screenprinting. It is easy to use because it is essentially plastic. To be more specific, it is made of polyvinyl chloride (PVC) particles and and plasticizer. PVC is a commonly-used plastic that is made fluid and flexible through combination with plasticizer, which is an additive that keeps the PVC particles from clumping together or settling. Plastisol has to reach a temperature of around 350 degrees Fahrenheit for curing. Once dry, most plastisol prints sit on top of the material of the shirt.
Advantages of Plastisol
- Inexpensive
- Great opacity, can be used on dark garments.
- Will not clog screens, does not harden until cured at 350 degrees
Disadvantages of Plastisol
- Thicker hand
- Less breathable
- Can bunch around seams
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